The menstrual cup use among women in Kerala: knowledge, attitude and behaviour.

Abstract

Background: Menstrual hygiene management is a critical aspect of women's health, particularly in low-resource settings. Kerala, known for its progressive social indicators, offers an intriguing context to explore the acceptance and adoption of menstrual cups. Despite this, their adoption and usage patterns remain understudied within Kerala, India, where traditional practises and taboos persist. Limited access to conventional menstrual hygiene products and environmental concerns emphasises the need for sustainable alternatives. This dissertation investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding menstrual cup usage among women in Kerala, India, while proposing strategies for its wider acceptance.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women in Kerala, India, using a structured online questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on validated scales and previous research, addressing knowledge, attitude, and behaviour related to menstrual cup usage. Ethical approval was obtained, and data was collected through an online questionnaire. The sample comprised 60 women of diverse age groups and backgrounds.

Results: Findings indicated relatively low awareness of menstrual cups, with only 42% of respondents having prior knowledge. However, among the aware, 78% held a positive attitude towards menstrual cups. Usage rates stood at 19.8%, hindered by concerns about insertion, removal techniques and limited familiarity. Interestingly, 65% of women expressed their willingness to try menstrual cups if provided with adequate information and guidance. Education emerged as a significant predictor of both knowledge and attitude, highlighting the role of awareness campaigns and educational initiatives, particularly in regions like Kerala where conservative norms prevail.

Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of comprehensive menstrual health education, aiming not solely at knowledge enhancement but also addressing practical concerns and misconceptions. Although the positive attitude towards menstrual cups is promising, interventions should prioritise augmenting practical skills through workshops and guided training. Moreover, the involvement of healthcare professionals in these initiatives could enhance credibility and endorse menstrual cups as secure and dependable alternatives. Sustainable menstrual hygiene practises, exemplified by menstrual cups, possess the potential to empower women, foster environmental sustainability, and substantially enhance menstrual health. This is particularly pertinent in regions like Kerala, where social awareness is notably high.